Hi, On MariaDB servers that were installed with >= MariaDB 10.4, I have one root user that was created as: MariaDB [(none)]> show create user 'root'@'localhost'; CREATE USER `root`@`localhost` IDENTIFIED VIA mysql_native_password USING 'invalid' OR unix_socket FWIW: The statements on https://mariadb.com/kb/en/authentication-from-mariadb-104/#description are reversed (`IDENTIFIED VIA unix_socket OR mysql_native_password USING 'invalid'` instead of `IDENTIFIED VIA mysql_native_password USING 'invalid' OR unix_socket`). On MariaDB servers that were installed with < MariaDB 10.4, I have 3 root users that were created as: MariaDB [(none)]> show create user 'root'@'localhost'; CREATE USER `root`@`localhost` MariaDB [(none)]> show create user 'root'@'::1'; CREATE USER `root`@`::1` MariaDB [(none)]> show create user 'root'@'127.0.0.1'; CREATE USER `root`@`127.0.0.1` I've upgraded all MariaDB servers that were installed with MariaDB <= 10.4 to MariaDB 10.6. I would like to update these root users, that were created when installing on < 10.4, to use UNIX socket authentication too. If I run: ALTER USER 'root'@'localhost' IDENTIFIED VIA mysql_native_password USING 'invalid' OR unix_socket ... I have a user with the same create statement as on servers that were installed with >= MariaDB 10.4: MariaDB [(none)]> show create user 'root'@'localhost'; CREATE USER `root`@`localhost` IDENTIFIED VIA mysql_native_password USING 'invalid' OR unix_socket I have 3 questions regarding this: 1. Is the ALTER USER statement above the correct migration path, to update root users created when installing on < 10.4 to use UNIX socket authentication, like root users created when installing on >= 10.4? Am I forgetting anything? 2. I presume the 'root'@'::1' and 'root'@'127.0.0.1' users were created to support TCP connections when skip_name_resolve=1. If so, they are no longer needed when using a UNIX socket. Can I safely delete these users, after updating the 'root'@'localhost' user to use UNIX socket authentication? 3. Is there a plan to automatically remove the debian-sys-maint user on future major upgrades? It still exists on servers that were installed on < 10.4. The /etc/mysql/debian.cnf file is deprecated already, so this user should be unused. FYI: All MariaDB servers were installed from the MariaDB Debian repository. Thank you! William Edwards